January 2026 JOP
Concentrated growth factor with guided tissue regeneration for shallow infrabony defects: A one-year prospective study – Siniong Iao
Purpose: This study evaluated the efficacy of concentrated growth factor (CGF) sticky bone combined with guided tissue regeneration (GTR) in treating shallow infrabony defects and explored factors influencing clinical outcomes.
Conclusion: CGF sticky bone combined with GTR demonstrates benefits in CAL gain, PD reduction, and bone gain while preventing REC and gingival contour collapse in the treatment of shallow infrabony defects with residual pockets after initial therapy.
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Healing following ridge preservation using demineralized allograft particles or fibers alone, and combined with xenograft – Joelle E. Foster
Purpose: This study evaluated histologic wound healing when using demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) alone, in fiber or particulate form, and in combination with xenograft. Alveolar dimensional changes were also evaluated.
Conclusion: DFDBA fibers resulted in less residual allograft compared to DFDBA particulate. Allograft-alone groups had more vital bone than groups with xenograft, but there was no difference between fiber allograft and particulate allograft alone.
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Effect of allograft and xenograft ridge preservation on dental implant outcomes: A retrospective cohort study – Kaio Henrique Soares
Purpose: The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to compare the performance of dental implants placed in areas that underwent ARP with either allograft or xenograft, focusing on marginal bone loss, implant failure, and peri-implantitis.
Conclusion: Implants placed in ARP areas with allograft or xenograft showed no significant differences in PLCBL, PoLCBL, implant failure, or peri-implantitis, indicating both materials are reliable treatment options. ARP overall demonstrated a protective effect against crestal bone loss.
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Prosthetic factors influencing the prevalence of peri-implant diseases and marginal bone loss in static computer-assisted implant sites: A cross-sectional study – Piyarat Sirirattanagool
Purpose: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between implant and prosthetic factors and the prevalence of peri-implant diseases and peri-implant marginal bone loss in patients treated with static computer-assisted implant surgery (sCAIS).
Conclusion: In the present cross-sectional study, implants supporting overdentures were associated with a higher prevalence of peri-implantitis. Furthermore, several implant-abutment-prosthesis complex factors were significantly linked to marginal bone loss around dental implants, including interproximal contact level, prosthetic EA, abutment mucosal height, cantilever length, and implant surface treatment. Clinicians are recommended to meticulously select prosthesis types/designs tailored to each peri-implant site, apply digital technology for precise implant planning, and regularly monitor patients to detect and manage peri-implant diseases in early stages.
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Volume-stable collagen matrix to treat gingival recession associated with non-carious cervical lesions: Randomized clinical trial – Mauro Pedrine Santamaria
Purpose: Thus, the present randomized clinical trial aims to evaluate clinical and patient-centered parameters in the treatment of gingival recession (GR) RT1 associated with non-carious cervical lesions (NCCL) B+ partially restored using coronally advanced flap (CAF) alone or CAF and VCMX.
Conclusion: Both therapies provided significant CD coverage and RecRed, with no superiority of CAF+VCMX over CAF. However, VCMX led to a higher GT gain after 6 months
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Three-dimensional craniofacial morphology predicts periodontal tissue dimensions using the facial scanner – Kaijin Lin
Purpose: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate correlations between maxillary anterior periodontal parameters and 3D craniofacial morphology in a Chinese population.
Conclusion: Brachyfacial morphology and broader/shorter nasal dimensions were found associated with thinner gingiva, reduced alveolar bone, and lower PSTH in the maxillary anterior region. These findings highlight craniofacial morphology as a potential predictor of periodontal vulnerability.
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Relationship between Mediterranean diet and periodontal inflammation in a UK population: A cross-sectional study – Giuseppe Mainas
Purpose: The aim of this project was to investigate the association between diet, severity of periodontitis, and periodontal and systemic inflammation.
Conclusion: This study shows that low adherence to Mediterranean diet and higher red meat consumption may be associated with severity of periodontal disease. Studies with a larger sample size are needed to further clarify the current findings.
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The microbial metabolite isovaleric acid aggravates gelatinase-mediated periodontal tissue destruction via the NF-κB signaling pathway – Huiling Zheng
Purpose: This study aimed to explore the impact of isovaleric acid on the destruction of periodontal tissues and to investigate the underlying mechanisms.
Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that isovaleric acid aggravates the destruction of periodontal tissue by modulating the levels and activities of gelatinases via the NF-κB signaling pathway both in vitro and in vivo.
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Long noncoding RNA MIR100HG regulates inflammatory response by interacting with RNA-binding protein Quaking in periodontitis – Xinjing Zhang
Purpose: This study investigates the role of lncRNA MIR100HG in periodontitis and its interaction with the RNA-binding protein Quaking (QKI).
Conclusion: This study identifies MIR100HG as a key lncRNA in periodontitis, showing its downregulation in human and murine models. MIR100HG knockdown alleviates periodontal inflammation via a QKI-mediated feedback loop, underscoring its potential as a therapeutic target for periodontitis management.
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Association between high serum ferritin and periodontitis: A population-based cross-sectional preliminary study – Susilena Arouche Costa
Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between high serum ferritin levels and periodontitis considering pathways induced by sociodemographic and behavioral factors, serum inflammation, and metabolic risk.
Conclusion: Higher ferritin levels may play a role in periodontitis as part of a systemic inflammation mechanism.
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Effect of smoking over one pack daily on implant healing and health: A cohort study – Yaniv Mayer
Purpose: This prospective cohort trial examines the effects of heavy smoking on peri-implant marginal bone loss (MBL) and implant survival rates over 15 months.
Conclusion: Heavy smoking significantly increases marginal bone loss and decreases implant survival. Further research is needed to corroborate these findings and develop intervention programs.
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Multi-cohort evaluation of “Don’t know” responders to self-report oral health questions: Implications for etiologic research- Julia C. Bond
Purpose: We explored characteristics of participants who responded “Don’t know” to a periodontal health question across three distinct cohorts.
Conclusion: “Don’t know” responders had distinct patterns of sociodemographic characteristics and oral healthcare engagement. The degree of bias in complete-case analysis was dependent on simulated factors.
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February 2026 JOP
Epigenetic inflammatory memory and periodontal disease: Mechanisms and clinical significance for comorbidities. Hajishengallis G.
Purpose: This review discusses recent experimental and clinical evidence on the mechanisms and implications of maladaptive hematopoiesis—due to trained myelopoiesis or clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP)—-in periodontitis and associated inflammatory comorbidities.
Conclusions: maladaptive innate immune training or CHIP-associated epigenetic rewiring of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in the bone marrow constitute shared mechanisms for inflammatory comorbidities, including periodontal disease.
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Clinical and histological outcomes of allogenic amnion–chorion membrane for palatal donor site healing. Lee C-T
Purpose: to compare the effectiveness of an allogenic amnion–chorion membrane (ACM) in promoting clinical and histological palatal donor site wound healing to a collagen dressing (CLD).
Conclusions: The effectiveness of ACM in supporting wound healing at the palatal FGG donor site was comparable to that of CLD.
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Radiographic changes in the maxillary sinus following closed sinus augmentation. Simonsen JO.
Purpose: The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of 3-dimensional (3D) imaging in detecting radiographic and morphological graft changes compared to traditional 2-dimensional (2D) imaging. Additionally, the study aims to assess the distribution of graft material and the extent of resorption occurring between baseline and 6 months post-implant placement following transcrestal sinus augmentation.
Conclusions: Periapical imaging is relatively accurate when standardized, whereas CBCT provides a more precise representation of the graft material distribution and reduction. Significant reductions in AGH, ESBG, and EMA were observed at 6 months, with PAs indicating less change in bone augmentation compared to CBCT.
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Factors influencing tooth loss over 9–11 years in young individuals with periodontitis. Modin C.
Purpose: to identify factors associated with tooth loss over a 9- to 11-year period in young individuals with periodontitis, with a specific focus on the impact of patient compliance. The secondary outcome was to identify factors associated with discontinuation of active periodontal treatment.
Conclusions: In this register-based study, discontinuation of APT, severe periodontal disease, smoking, and low level of education increased the risk for tooth loss. Additionally, low education level, low income, and severe periodontal disease were also significantly associated with discontinuation of APT.
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Volumetric buccal bone alterations at immediate implant sites with or without soft tissue augmentation: A 6-month assessment. Jung M, Tran D, Chang C-C, et al.
Purpose: This study is part of a randomized controlled trial investigating the impact of soft tissue augmentation (STA) using subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) (immediate implant with subepithelial connective tissue graft [ICT] group) or acellular dermal matrix (ADM) (immediate implant with acellular dermal matrix [IAD] group) versus no STA (control) on the clinical outcomes following immediate implant placement (IIP). This study aimed to investigate volumetric buccal bone dimensional changes at immediate implant sites 6 months after the surgery.
Conclusions: STA did not significantly affect bone dimensional loss at 6 months. Linear measurements may not fully represent volumetric bone dimensional changes at immediate implant sites.
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The effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment on Dickkopf-1 and secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 5 levels. Acipinar S, Baris K.
Purpose: Recent advancements in bone tissue biomarker research have identified 2 promising molecules: Dickkopf-1 and secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 5. This study aims to evaluate the levels of these biomarkers in gingival crevicular fluid in periodontal health, gingivitis, and periodontitis and to assess the effects of non-surgical periodontal treatment on these biomarkers.
Conclusions: These biomarkers could serve as valuable biomarkers in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Non-surgical periodontal treatment significantly affects the levels of these biomarkers, indicating their potential utility in monitoring therapeutic outcomes.
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Genome-wide association study of periodontitis severity and progression. Teles F.
Purpose: To add to the knowledge base of periodontal genomics, we carried out a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of periodontitis severity and progression among 416 mixed-ethnicity adult participants of a periodontitis clinical study.
Results: GWAS findings showed that genetic variants explained 34% of the differences between periodontitis cases and controls and 57% of disease progression variability. Two significant loci associated with disease progression were identified: SUMO2P2 and CUBN. The CUBN gene was also significantly associated with periodontal disease in African American and Hispanic/Latino populations. Additionally, ZBTB16 showed the strongest association with severe periodontitis.
Conclusions: This study’s results emanate from a well-characterized cohort of periodontitis severity and progression and add to the knowledge base of periodontal genomics and the underlying individual disease susceptibility.
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Vitamins K2 and D3 enhance guided bone regeneration in rat calvarial bone defects. Varlıhan GN.
Purpose: Vitamins K2 and D3 exhibit anabolic effects on bone metabolism, but their effectiveness in guided bone regeneration (GBR) is unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the impacts of vitamins K2 and D3 administration on GBR of calvarial critical-size defect (CCSD) in rats.
Conclusions: The administration of vitamins K2 and D3 in GBR enhanced bone healing in CCSD of rats, indicating that the adjunctive use of these vitamins may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for bone regeneration.
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Evaluation of Discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) in junctional epithelial permeability and wound healing. Zachariadou C, Doshi A, Tatakis DN, Foster BL.
Purpose: Epithelium is the periodontal first line of defense against microbes. Discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) is a collagen receptor expressed in epithelium. Ddr1 knockout (Ddr1−/−) mice develop periodontitis-like defects, including junctional epithelium (JE) downgrowth, bacterial invasion, and alveolar bone loss. The objective of this study was to investigate epithelial responses in the absence of DDR1. We hypothesized that Ddr1−/− mice exhibit increased JE permeability and delayed epithelial wound healing.
Conclusions: DDR1 does not affect JE permeability but may play a role in effective epithelial cell migration during cutaneous wound healing.
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Neutrophil extracellular traps and phosphatidylserine exposure: The hidden thrombotic threat of periodontitis with diabetes. Li M, Kuang H, Wu X, et al.
Purpose: The aim of this study is to explore how neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and phosphatidylserine exposure contribute to hypercoagulability in periodontitis with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Conclusions: In patients with DP, activated platelets trigger neutrophils to release excess NETs, which create a pro-thrombotic state by damaging endothelial cells. Small-scale clinical trials underscore the value of controlling local infection and hyperglycemia as first-line “NET-modulating” strategies.
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Dose-dependent association of systemic comorbidities with periodontitis severity: A large population cross-sectional study. Saleh MHA, Sabri H.
Purpose: To examine whether the associations between periodontitis and multiple systemic conditions increase with increasing severity of periodontitis using a multi-center electronic health record (EHR) repository.
Results: In fully adjusted models of 24 selected systemic comorbidities, the odds ratios (ORs) for severe periodontitis consistently exceeded those for mild/moderate periodontitis. For instance, smoking showed ORs of 1.78 (mild/moderate) versus 5.21 (severe), diabetes (2.20 vs. 5.59), cardiovascular disease (1.53 vs. 2.21), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (2.25 vs. 4.07), and Alzheimer’s disease (1.84 vs. 3.20). Inverse correlations also strengthened with severity where asthma was 0.80 versus 0.72 in severe compared to mild/moderate periodontitis.
Conclusions: The results of this population-based study demonstrate that as periodontitis severity escalates, positive and negative associations with systemic conditions become more pronounced.
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Periodontitis in patients with severe erectile dysfunction undergoing penile prosthesis implantation: Clinical and immunohistochemical study. Arrabal-Polo MÁ
Purpose: The relationship between periodontitis and erectile dysfunction (ED) has been poorly documented in Caucasian populations, particularly severe ED (SED) requiring penile prostheses. This study aimed to evaluate the association between periodontitis and SED in patients undergoing penile prosthesis implantation, and to identify clinical and biochemical periodontal variables associated with SED using multivariate analysis.
Conclusions: Periodontitis is strongly associated with SED treated with penile prostheses, linked to lower eNOS expression in penile tissue. Diabetes and age were identified as additional independent risk factors for SED.
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From primary to secondary care level: Assessing patient retention of periodontal staging and grading information. Santamaria P, Mangalpara R, Kumar T, Lipovec T, Nibali L.
Purpose: this study primarily aimed to assess the agreement between patient self-reported stage and grade and the specialist’s diagnosis at secondary-care level among patients who report having been informed of their exact periodontal stage and grade by their general dentist. The secondary aim was to determine in patients who reported not having been informed of their exact stage and grade by their general dentist, whether they can nevertheless identify their specific stage and grade of periodontitis and report key clinical signs associated with their disease as gingival recessions, tooth mobility, tooth loss, and masticatory dysfunction.
Conclusions: Most patients referred to secondary care lacked information on their disease stage and grade. Severe stages and grades were better perceived by patients compared with mild forms of periodontitis. The PSG questionnaire offers a valuable tool for identifying knowledge gaps and guiding tailored discussions in clinical practice.
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Tooth loss trajectories and their association with frailty risk: A 10-year population-based cohort study. Zhang K, Wang Y, Zhang Y, et al.
Purpose: Previous studies concerning tooth loss and frailty risk primarily employed the number of teeth to categorize the extent of tooth loss. However, tooth loss is a dynamic process. Hence, this study aimed to identify the dynamic trajectories of tooth loss and analyze the relationship between tooth loss trajectories and frailty risk.
Conclusions: Older adults with the Progressively Severe Loss trajectory had a greater risk of frailty compared with those with the Persistently Mild Loss trajectory. This finding suggests that tooth loss could be used as a predictor for frailty and other diseases in future research.
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March 2026 JOP
Comparing circular cortical-lamina anchoring versus split-crest technique in posterior mandible: A retrospective cohort study – Wang
Purpose: to assess the effect of horizontal bone augmentation using the circular cortical-lamina anchoring technique (CCA) and modified split-crest technique (MSC) on the knife ridge of the posterior mandible.
Conclusion: Both the CCA and MSC could achieve effective horizontal augmentation, with the CCA presenting a similar spatial maintenance ability during the healing process along with increased bone gain. Therefore, the CCA can be considered an effective alternative to the MSC. Increased Keratinized mucosa was also seen in the MSC group after healing.
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Clear aligners and open gingival embrasures: Retrospective study of epidemiology and risk factors – Zhang
Purpose: investigate the epidemiology and risk factors of open gingival embrasures (OGE) in adult patients after clear aligner therapy (CAT).
Conclusion: OGE of varying severity could be accompanied by different degrees of three-dimensional alveolar bone resorption. The prevalence of OGE is relatively high in adult patients after CAT. Patients with a single lower incisor removed had the highest rates and severity of OGE, followed by those with two premolars extracted, and finally those with no extractions. The occurrence and severity of OGE are significantly associated with bone loss, not only between teeth but also from the front-back directions. Additionally, specific thresholds for tooth movement that may elevate OGE risk include excessive incisor intrusion or forward tilting. Importantly, OGE often occurred along with other complications like bone dehiscence or root resorption.
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Periodontal regenerative treatment for maxillary anterior cemental tears: A mid-term cohort study – Lee
Purpose: to evaluate the mid-term clinical and radiographic outcomes of periodontal regenerative treatment of maxillary anterior cemental tears associated with intrabony defects using enamel matrix derivative (EMD) in combination with deproteinized porcine bone mineral (DPBM).
Conclusion: the combination of EMD and DPBM proved effective in promoting periodontal regeneration and predicting tooth survival in patients with maxillary anterior cemental tears associated with two-wall or three-wall intrabony defects. High tooth survival rate of 90.2% was observed.
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Alveolar bone configuration in mandibular first molars with disto-lingual roots: A cross-sectional radiographic study – Chen
Purpose: to evaluate the prevalence of disto-lingual roots (DLRs) and alveolar bone configurations (ABCs) in permanent mandibular first molars (PMFMs) and investigate the correlation between DLRs and clinical parameters related to ABCs at the distal aspect of PMFMs.
Results: The prevalence of DLRs was 28.32% of subjects and 24.22% of examined PMFMs. DLRs, lingual furcation involvement, and severe CAL (≥5 mm) were significantly associated with a higher frequency of mesial inclined (M) type ABCs.
Conclusion: Mesial inclined (M) type ABCs were significantly higher in PMFMs with DLRs, lingual furcation involvement, and severe CAL, suggesting a notable link between DLRs and specific ABCs at distal sites of PMFMs.
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Allogeneic bone paste versus bone powder for oral guided bone regeneration: A randomized, noninferiority trial – Courtois
Purpose: compared bone volume gain using a supercritical CO2-processed allogeneic bone paste and bone powder in partially edentulous patients requiring bone augmentation of alveolar ridges by guided bone regeneration (GBR)
Conclusion: Supercritical CO2-processed bone paste allografts are safe, augment bone, and result in acceptable implant survival for alveolar ridge augmentation by GBR. However, suboptimal material properties due to the viscoelastic consistency of the bone paste resulted in significantly less bone gain than bone powder, which will guide the choice of material clinically.
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Palatal pre-suturing effects on hemostasis and morbidity in connective tissue grafting: A randomized controlled trial – Ziyaettin
Purpose: to assess the impact of palatal pre-suturing on bleeding, postoperative morbidity, wound healing, and quality of life following subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) surgery.
Conclusion: greater palatal compression suture reduces intraoperative bleeding, shortens operative time, and positively influences postoperative morbidity and wound healing. Its application in high-bleeding-risk cases or prior to extensive graft harvesting may enhance procedural predictability and provide clinicians with greater confidence in bleeding control.
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Effectiveness of two supportive periodontal care protocols and outcome predictors during periodontitis: A randomized controlled trial – Isola
Purpose: to evaluate the effectiveness of two supportive periodontal care (SPC) approaches in patients with periodontitis and to evaluate possible predictors influencing bleeding on probing (BoP) changes at 24-month follow-up.
Control group: OHI with supragingival instrumentation and dental polishing
Test group: OHI with both supra- and subgingival instrumentation and dental polishing
Conclusion: SPC that included subgingival instrumentation yielded better results than the control to reduce BoP at 24-month follow-up. Smoking and deep pockets negatively influenced the BoP reduction in patients who underwent SPC
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Long-term clinical benefits of periodontal interventions in strict supportive periodontal care: A systematic review – Rattu
Purpose: systematically review the long-term benefits of active periodontal therapy (APT) interventions (test groups) compared to standard control interventions (control groups) in patients undergoing supportive periodontal care (SPC).
Conclusion: long-term periodontal stability does not appear to be affected by the choice of initial intervention in patients who adhere to a rigorous SPC program. While regenerative techniques offer short-term advantages, their long-term benefits may reduce in comparison to non-regenerative methods under SPC.
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Melatonin inhibits orthodontically induced root resorption through YAP/P65/IL-6 signaling pathway – Wei
Purpose: To explore the effects and mechanisms of melatonin on orthodontically induced root resorption (OIIRR) by focusing its role on IL-6 secretion in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs).
Conclusion: Melatonin was able to inhibit root resorption in the mouse OIIRR model and reduced IL-6 secretion in hPDLCs under compressive force by suppressing the YAP/P65 signaling pathway.
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Efficacy of horizontal platelet-rich fibrin on gingival tissue regeneration: Cellular and histological analysis – Chai
Purpose: Horizontal platelet-rich fibrin (H-PRF) is a novel platelet concentrate known for promoting tissue regeneration. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of H-PRF on gingival defects healing using both in vitro and in vivo approaches.
Conclusion: H-PRF significantly improved gingival defects healing by enhancing hGF cellular behaviors and promoting epithelialization and neovascularization. These findings support the potential of H-PRF as an effective adjunctive therapy during gingival tissue regeneration.
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Biofilm removal capacity and titanium surface integrity in non-abrasive versus abrasive peri-implantitis cleaning interventions – Jazaeri
Purpose: to evaluate a non-abrasive waterjet implant cleaning method to remove biofilm while preserving titanium surface and maintaining its cytocompatibility.
Conclusion: Non-abrasive waterjet cleaning is a superior method for the clinical treatment of peri-implantitis biofilms versus mechanical abrasive cleaning while maintaining titanium implant surface properties necessary for reintegration with peri-implant tissue.
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Maxacalcitol alleviates diabetes-associated periodontitis in male mice by restoring Treg/Th17 balance via SOCE-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction – Li
Purpose: CD4+ T lymphocytes play a central role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis, with the Treg/Th17 (regulatory T cell/T helper 17 cell) imbalance closely linked to diabetes-associated periodontitis (DPD). Maxacalcitol (OCT), an analog of active vitamin D, has therapeutic effects on diseases involving Treg/Th17 imbalance. This study aimed to determine whether OCT improved DPD by restoring the Treg/Th17 imbalance via store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE)-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction.
Conclusion: OCT ameliorates Treg/Th17 imbalance via SOCE-mediated mitochondrial function, thereby effectively improving DPD.
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Titanium migration and bone response in loaded osseointegrated implants: ESEM-EDX analysis in Macaca fascicularis – Zamparini
Purpose: to detect Titanium nanoparticle (TP) in the bone around implants undergoing different loading protocols in Macaca fascicularis.
Conclusion: TP were widely present in bone tissues adjacent to the implant surface, particularly at the coronal bone. In the coronal portion of the delayed loading group, a less mineralized bone area was observed compared to the immediate loading group, suggesting higher bone remodeling activities.
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Association of disrupted circadian rhythms with self-reported periodontal diseases: Insights from 94,305 UK Biobank participants – Wang
Purpose: This study investigates the association of circadian rhythmicity, physical activity, and chronotype with periodontal diseases, focusing on both the independent and combined effects.
Conclusion: Disrupted circadian rhythms, lower physical activity, and an evening chronotype are independently and interactively associated with an elevated risk of periodontal disease. Interventions promoting circadian alignment and increasing physical activity may represent promising strategies to explore in future studies aiming to reduce periodontal risk.
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Salivary microbiota and clinical periodontal measures predicting cardiometabolic disease mortality: A nationwide survey – Adam
Purpose: compare the predictive ability of salivary microbiota and periodontal disease measures for cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) mortality in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
Conclusion: In a nationally representative cohort, greater baseline salivary Treponema to Corynebacterium ratio predicted increased CMD mortality risk, while microbial diversity metrics and periodontal parameters were not significantly associated with CMD mortality.
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Association between periodontal parameters and thyroid markers in autoimmune hypothyroidism: A cross-sectional study – Puthiyapurayil
Purpose: assess the prevalence and severity of periodontitis, to correlate clinical attachment loss (CAL), and periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) with anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibody, triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), thyroid- stimulating hormone (TSH), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in autoimmune hypothyroid patients and systemically healthy subjects.
Conclusion: Autoimmune hypothyroid subjects exhibited a higher prevalence and severity of periodontitis compared with the systemically healthy group. BoP, PPD, CAL and PISA were also higher in autoimmune hypothyroid group as compared with the systemically healthy group. A statistically significant positive correlation of CAL, and PISA with anti-TPO antibody, T3, TSH, and CRP was observed.
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Evaluating diagnostic accuracy and consistency in applying the 2017periodontal classification among dental professionals – Badahdah
Purpose: investigate diagnostic accuracy and consistency among periodontists, periodontal residents, and dental interns in Saudi Arabia.
Conclusion: Findings highlight considerable variability in the application of the 2017 Periodontal Classification among dental professionals, underscoring the role of clinical experience and training in influencing diagnostic accuracy. Structured calibration and targeted educational strategies are essential to improve diagnostic consistency, minimize misclassification, and support optimal patient care.
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Association between periodontitis severity and exhaled hydrogen sulfide measured using LTCC-GASSET device in healthy Thai patients – Wechwithayakhlung
Purpose: The potential of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas as a biomarker for periodontitis has been suggested, but the evidence remains inconclusive. This preliminary study aimed to explore the relationship between periodontitis and exhaled H2S gas in the Thai population.
Conclusion: Exhaled H2S levels were associated with periodontitis severity in non-smoking, systemically healthy individuals. Given its limitations, the LTCC-GASSET device may have potential for non-invasive detection of periodontitis.
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April 2026 JOP
Design characteristics of studies evaluating the effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment on systemic health outcomes (Treat)
Purpose: To describe the study design characteristics of RCTs that have evaluated the effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment on systemic health outcomes.
Conclusion: Variation in study designs of randomized control trials investigating the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on systemic disease outcomes might be contributing to equivocal and inconclusive findings
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Periodontitis, type 2 diabetes, and other risk factors for implant failure: A nested case-control study (Sobjani)
Purpose: This study investigates the association between T2DM and periodontitis and the risk of dental implant failure.
Conclusion:
The findings of this study support the link between type 2 diabetes and periodontitis and a higher risk of dental implant failure and highlight the effects of other patient-related conditions, such as the use of immunosuppressive medications, smoking, and patient compliance on implant failure.
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Pulsed electromagnetic field therapy on nonsurgical treatment of peri-implantitis: 12–26 months follow-up (Mayer)
Purpose: This study aimed to compare the long-term clinical and radiographic outcomes of nonsurgical peri-implantitis treatment with and without PEMF therapy.
Conclusion: Focused pulsed electromagnetic field therapy used as an adjunctive therapy to nonsurgicalperi-implant treatment showed promising results by achieving various clinical endpoints.
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The effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment on progranulin levels (Sari)
Purpose: The aim of this study was to study the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum progranulin (PGRN) levels in the early healing phases.
Conclusion: Gingival crevicular fluid progranulin (PGRN) and PGRN/tumor necrosis factor-alpha molar ratio was associated with periodontal disease and post-treatment outcomes.
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Diversity and random forest models of oral microbiomes in periodontal health using publicly available data (Regueira-Iglesias)
Purpose: To analyze the diversity and potential of machine-learning models of supragingival, subgingival, and salivary microbiomes in periodontal health.
Conclusion: Specific microbes reliably differentiated the supragingival, subgingival, and salivary niches in periodontal health, serving as promising niche-specific signatures for this condition.
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Management of residual periodontal pockets using an oscillating chitosan device: A randomized clinical trial (Tseleki)
Purpose: This clinical study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a chitosan brush in improving residual periodontal pockets in patients who had already undergone causative therapy for periodontitis.
Conclusion: The additional use of a chitosan brush in the treatment of persistent periodontal pockets reduced signs of bleeding, but it did not improve any other clinical parameter
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The influence of flap design on the relevance of biomaterials in regenerative periodontal surgery (Menhadji)
Purpose: The aim of this systematic review was to explore whether the benefits of biomaterials in periodontal regenerative/reconstructive surgery are affected by the type of flap employed. The study addresses the existing gap in the evidence to substantiate the beneficial effect of minimal invasive periodontal surgical approach compared to a conventional access flap (AF) surgery for the treatment of intrabony periodontal defects.
Conclusion: Single flap variants may achieve comparable clinical outcomes without the use of biomaterials, highlighting the influence of flap design in periodontal regenerative surgery.
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A randomized controlled trial of home-applied dual-light photodynamic therapy during supportive periodontal care (HOPE-CP study) (Pakarinen)
Purpose: Light-based therapies have demonstrated strong antibacterial potential; however, their effectiveness in regular home use remains unexplored.
Conclusion: Gingival health improved over 6 months with regular home use of antibacterial dual-light therapy during supportive periodontal care.
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Probiotic consumption reduces alveolar bone loss and kidney damage in pregnant rats with experimental periodontitis (Nobre)
Purpose: Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 (B. lactis HN019) is a probiotic bacterial strain with immunomodulatory properties. Its benefits have been observed in healthy and systemically compromised animals with periodontitis (PD). Our objective was to investigate the local and systemic effects of the systemic administration of B. lactis in pregnant rats with experimental periodontitis (EP).
Conclusion: Therapy with B. lactis HN019 reduced damage to mandibular and renal bone tissue in pregnant ratswith periodontal disease.
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Upregulation of senescence-associated gene expression levels in human gingival tissue affected by periodontitis (Jung Kim)
Purpose: Accumulation of senescent cells is increasingly recognized as a mechanism of aging and is considered an attractive therapeutic target for various age-associated diseases. The prevalence and severity of periodontitis increase with age, and preclinical studies have demonstrated that senescent cells could be a potential therapeutic target for age-associated periodontitis. However, clinical data linking cellular senescence and periodontitis are limited.
Conclusion: The expression of genes p16, TP53, MMP2, and MMP14 was observed in human gingival tissue affected with periodontitis, indicating the accumulation of senescent cells in the tissue.
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TAM pathway proteins as novel salivary biomarkers for periodontitis (Mendes)
Purpose: The major aim of this cross-sectional observational study was to assess whether salivary TAM pathway protein levels have the potential to discriminate between periodontally healthy or gingivitis controls and periodontitis patients, including those with mild (I/II) or severe (III/IV) disease.
Conclusion: Salivary TAM pathway biomarkers distinguished between periodontally healthy/gingivitis and periodontitis patients, including mild or severe periodontitis, and could have potential as anon-invasive diagnostic screening tool.
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Development of an artificial intelligence platform to improve compliance in periodontal maintenance patients: A proof-of-concept study (Miyamoto)
Purpose: to report on the development of an artificial intelligence (AI) model designed to improve compliance in periodontal maintenance patients.
Conclusion: An AI model was successfully trained on periodontal maintenance patients who demonstrated improvement in plaque index, gingival index, and bleeding on probing after using the app.
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Cross-sectional analysis of role of socioeconomic status in the association between depression and periodontitis (Jungo)
Purpose: to examine the potential confounding role of poor socioeconomic status (SES) in the association between depression and periodontitis by performing a secondary analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data.
Conclusion: The observed association between depression and periodontitis was largely explained by socioeconomic factors, particularly low income, in a nationally representative sample of the US adult population, emphasizing the need to consider these determinants in both clinical and public health strategies.
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Reduced prevalence of periodontitis in antidepressant users: Findings from a large-scale US sample (Martinez)
Purpose: Periodontitis and major depression disorder have been shown to have a bidirectional association. However, the impact of antidepressants, the primary pharmacological treatment for depression, on periodontal health remains unclear. Given their anti-inflammatory properties, antidepressants may exert a protective effect against periodontitis. This study aimed to investigate the association between antidepressant use and the prevalence of periodontitis in a large, nationally representative sample of the United States (US) population.
Conclusion: Data from the NHANES 2009-2014 database were analyzed to study the association between antidepressant use and periodontal outcomes, showing that antidepressant use is linked to a lower prevalence of periodontitis.
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Deep learning-based identification of periodontal infrabony defects with regenerative potential: A multicenter retrospective study (Xia)
Purpose: to develop a dual-model deep learning framework integrating YOLO V8 and nnU-Net V2 to automate defect identification, quantification, and surgical guidance on parallel intraoral radiographs (PTRs).
Conclusion: A dual-model AI framework combining YOLO V8 and nnU-Net V2 accurately identified and quantified periodontal infrabony defects on radiographs, outperforming specialists in speed and diagnostic accuracy.
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Associations of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use with periodontal disease in postmenopausal women: The OsteoPerio study (Miller)
Purpose: We investigated cross-sectional and prospective relationships between NSAID use and indicators of periodontal disease, for which there is limited epidemiologic evidence.
Conclusion: Baseline NSAID use was linked to a 37% lower likelihood of periodontal disease progression defined by alveolar crestal height loss over 5 years among postmenopausal women, while no associations were observed with other measures of periodontal health.
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Dextran sodium sulfate confounds causal role of periodontitis in inflammatory bowel disease (Tanwar)
Purpose: Emerging evidence supports a bidirectional link between periodontitis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). To investigate this relationship, experimental models commonly use dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to induce colitis. However, DSS is presumed to selectively affect the colon, and its potential off-target effects on the oral cavity remain poorly understood. We examined whether DSS disrupts oral health, potentially confounding oral–gut axis research.
Conclusion: Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), a chemical used to model gut inflammation in mice, also caused gum disease-like changes—including bone loss, inflammation, and changes in oral bacteria; these findings revealed that DSS alone can affect the mouth and may confound studies investigating the link between gum disease and inflammatory bowel disease, highlighting the need for better-controlled models.
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Impact of COVID-19 pandemic-related disruptions in periodontal maintenance on periodontal health (Chandrasekaran)
Purpose: The present study examined the impact of interruptions during the COVID-19 pandemic on the periodontal status of patients undergoing periodontal maintenance therapy (PMT).
Conclusion: COVID-19 negatively affected the plaque control of maintenance patients.
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May 2026 JOP
The future of periodontology: Emerging technologies and conceptual shifts – Reddy
Purpose: To reflect on how new scientific and technological developments might reshape the future of periodontal practice, education, and patient outcomes.
Conclusion: Periodontology is transitioning toward predictive, preventive, and personalized care driven by AI diagnostics, salivary/genomic biomarkers, biosensors, regenerative therapies (gene editing, exosomes), and digital/robotic workflows with the periodontist evolving into a “sentinel of inflammation” within interprofessional healthcare teams.
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Peri-implant hypoxia as a potential barrier against ferroptotic mechanisms during peri-implant diseases: A cross-sectional study – Yilmaz
Purpose: To measure hypoxia and iron-dependent cell death markers (ferroptotic pathways) in the fluid surrounding dental implants to determine whether low oxygen levels influence these cell death pathways in peri-implant disease.
Conclusion: Increased Glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPX4) and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were noted in peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis compared to peri-implant health, suggesting that ferroptosis may be inhibited in the peri-implant environment. Moreover, the positive correlation between hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and GPX4 levels indicates a potential regulatory role of hypoxia in modulating ferroptotic pathways in peri-implant tissues.
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Arg-gingipain, myeloperoxidase, and anti-CarP across the rheumatoid arthritis spectrum – Shahbaz
Purpose: To investigate whether a periodontal bacterial enzyme and its downstream effects on protein modification differ across pre-clinical, early, and established stages of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in patients with periodontitis.
Conclusion: Arg-gingipain (Rgp)-B gene expression was associated with periodontitis status. Periodontal inflammation, particularly in early RA, was linked to elevated myeloperoxidase (MPO) and anti-carbamylated proteins levels, suggesting that local inflammation may amplify immune responses via MPO-mediated carbamylation. These associations highlight the clinical relevance of periodontal assessment and management in RA patients and at-risk individuals.
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Salivary galectin-7, galectin-10, and MMP-9 levels in periodontally healthy, gingivitis, and periodontitis patients – Koksal
Purpose: To examine the levels of galectin-7, galectin-10, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in saliva across different periodontal health and disease conditions as well as comparing these biomarkers’ discriminative efficiencies in periodontal disease.
Conclusion: Galectin-7 and galectin-10 maybe helpful and equally efficient biomarkers in the diagnosis of periodontal disease. Compared to these two galectins, MMP-9 was proven to be a more effective biomarker.
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The association of periodontal inflammation and inflammatory markers with cognitive dysfunction: A case control study – Buhlin
Purpose: This study investigated the association of inflammatory markers in saliva, plasma, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with cognitive decline and periodontitis.
Conclusion: Inflammation markers could indicate an increased risk for cognitive decline, especially in cases of more severe periodontitis.
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Comparative efficacy of novel bioactive glass versus sodium fluoride toothpaste for dentin hypersensitivity: A randomized clinical trial – Hasturk
Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a bioglass incorporated in a toothpaste, in reducing dentin hypersensitivity (DH) compared to a sodium fluoride (NaF) toothpaste over a 2-week period.
Conclusion: The toothpaste containing the bioglass demonstrated superior efficacy in alleviating DH symptoms at both early and later time points through its mechanism of rapid tubule occlusion. This innovative approach aligns with World Health Organization recommendations for fluoride use and addresses unmet needs in DH management globally. Further research is warranted to explore its long-term applications in preventive and restorative dentistry.
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Association between periodontitis and gestational diabetes mellitus via systemic inflammation: A prospective cohort study – Cheng
Purpose: To investigate the association between periodontitis severity and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus considering pathways induced by systemic inflammation.
Conclusion: Increasing periodontitis severity was significantly associated with a higher risk of GDM in a dose response manner in women aged ≥ 30 years, but not in younger women. Besides, systemic inflammation may partially mediate this association, suggesting a biological link between periodontal health and glucose metabolism during pregnancy
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The impact of periodontal therapy on clinical and inflammatory parameters in type II diabetics – Tokatlian
Purpose: To evaluate the clinical response, local (gingival crevicular fluid – GCF) and systemic (serum) inflammatory and metabolic profile following periodontal treatment of type II diabetic subjects.
Conclusion: Uncontrolled diabetic subjects showed a positive clinical response and differentiated local and systemic profile post-treatment, where local markers were reduced in the short-term and several systemic markers increased. Although HbA1c was not reduced post-treatment, it was associated with clinical and some inflammatory response.
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Increased risk of mild cognitive impairment is associated with severe periodontitis: A cross-sectional study – Roguljic
Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the association of severe periodontitis in middle-aged patients with cognitive dysfunction.
Conclusion: The findings indicate that although mild cognitive impairment was not diagnosed, the risk for mild cognitive impairment was associated with severe periodontitis in middle-aged patients.
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Tracing the evolution of root coverage: Clinical milestones leading to a minimally invasive era – Tavelli
Purpose: This review traces how surgical techniques for covering exposed tooth roots have evolved over recent decades.
Conclusion: The authors describe progression from early pedicle flap and free gingival graft techniques toward more refined, minimally invasive bilaminar approaches using connective tissue grafts.
*Refer to Table 1 of the article for detailed information regarding various root coverage procedures*
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An updated evidence-based recommendation for the treatment of gingival recession associated with non-carious cervical lesions – Santamaria
Purpose: To evaluate the current and relevant literature on the treatment of combined defects (CD) and update the latest decision-making process with the new literature.
Conclusion: CDs are characterized by the coexistence of gingival recession and a non-carious cervical lesion. This updated decision-making process incorporated current literature, including new evidence on soft tissue grafts, which can guide clinicians in the treatment of CDs.
Most cases (Pini Prato A−, A+, B−; shallow defects) need only standard root-coverage surgery, while the cases with deeper B+ or V-shaped defects require a combined approach: restoring the tooth surface before root coverage surgery. For the soft tissue component, CTG remains superior for building KG and gingival thickness, though newer collagen matrix substitutes are reasonable alternatives when adequate KG already exists.
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Periodontitis and high phosphate intake alone or in combination adversely affect the kidney – Kim
Purpose: To evaluate the effects of periodontitis or high phosphate (HP) intake, either alone or concurrently, on the periodontal tissue and the kidney under normal renal conditions.
Conclusion: Regardless of periodontitis, 0.9% HP intake did not affect periodontal tissue. Renal fibrosis and macrophage infiltration induced by HP intake and periodontitis, respectively, worsened when combined, indicating a synergistic adverse effect. These changes were reversed by infliximab, suggesting that TNF-α inhibition may alleviate renal injury caused by periodontitis and HP intake
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C-reactive protein interactive with IL-6 mediates alveolar bone remodeling imbalance during orthodontic tooth movement with periodontitis – Xue
Purpose: To evalute the impact of PD on bone remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and explored the potential role of C-reactive protein (CRP) and the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in this process
Conclusion: PD during OTM impairs bone remodeling, enhancing osteoclastic activity. CRP interactive with IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 expression in periodontal tissues during OTM, contributing to the imbalance in bone remodeling during OTM with PD.
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Transcriptomic analysis of gingival tissues in resolved experimental periodontal lesions of nonhuman primates – Ebersole
Purpose: This study used a preclinical model of experimental periodontitis in nonhuman primates to evaluate the biological features of resolved periodontal lesions.
Conclusion: Irrespective of age, the biology of periodontal lesion resolution tissues is distinct from healthy tissues. Despite a robust inflammatory response to the ligature-induced microbiome changes during experimental periodontitis, younger individuals showed significantly less destructive disease and differ-ent transcriptome profiles that could reflect improved lesion resolution. While sex and matriline affected the gene expression patterns, these generally over-lapped with the prominent genes identified for resolution versus health across age groups. Highly affected genes could be considered biomarkers for resolved tissues, linking clinical and biological resolution of periodontal lesions.
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Mineral-targeted alkaline phosphatase improves bone graft-mediated alveolar bone defect healing in mice – Sawangsri
Purpose: This mouse study tested whether pro-mineralization enzyme, tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) enhances bone healing
Conclusion: TNAP-Fc-D 10 with FDBA significantly enhances early alveolar bone healing and dimensional stability. While long-term volumetric gains were not observed, sustained improvements in mineral density and ridge preservation support TNAP as a promising biologic for alveolar ridge preservation.
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Relationships between periodontitis, tooth loss, and metabolic syndrome indicators – Conceicao
Purpose: This study investigates how poor oral health impacts metabolic alterations, specifically evaluating the effects of periodontitis and tooth loss, either individually or in combination, on the number of metabolic syndrome (MetS) indicators.
Conclusion: Periodontitis and tooth loss are positively associated with MetS, with stronger associations observed in individuals with more severe metabolic alterations. The combined presence of these oral conditions increases the likelihood of greater metabolic impairment.
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Cost-effectiveness and long-term outcomes of periodontal regeneration versus dental implants: A retrospective study – Amrou
Purpose: Direct comparative data on periodontal regeneration (PR) versus extraction and implant placement remain limited. Tooth-specific periodontal conditions such as furcation involvement and overall tooth prognosis may dictate success or failure of such treatment
Conclusion: Both PR and dental implant treatments achieved comparable long-term survival and success rates. Cost considerations suggest personalized treatment decisions based on individual periodontal conditions like FI and overall tooth prognosis
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Genetic susceptibility and metabolic pathways linking oral health to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease – Ye
Purpose: Emerging evidence indicates that oral health and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) may be interconnected through shared genetic and metabolic pathways. However, the specific mechanisms underlying this association remains poorly understood.
Conclusion: Poor oral health and periodontal disease may contribute to an increased risk of MASLD by regulating the metabolic milieu, independently of genetic predisposition. As a modifiable and nutritionally relevant factor, oral health represents a promising target for early MASLD prevention. Integrating dental and metabolic care through a multidisciplinary approach could improve liver outcomes by modulating the oral–gut–liver axis.
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June 2026 JOP
Transient gingival inflammation is associated with epithelial dysfunction and systemic immune activation beyond clinical improvement (Elebyary)
Purpose: This study examined the immune responses elicited by experimental gingivitis and their systemic immune impact, specifically in relation to the oral commensal Viridans group streptococci (VGS).
Conclusion: Experimental gingivitis triggers immune responses that remain elevated during the early phase of clinical improvement. Elevated levels of sCD14 and heightened PMN activity indicate ongoing subclinical inflammation and epithelial barrier dysfunction.
Outcomes of alveolar ridge preservation using a collagenated bovine bone xenograft: A randomized controlled trial (Khehra)
Purpose: This study compares the changes in horizontal ridge width in patients undergoing alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) with a collagenated bovine bone xenograft (BG), with and without a non-crosslinked collagen membrane (MEM).
Conclusion: The collagenated bone graft alone yielded comparable outcomes to its combination with a collagen membrane in areas with thick buccal bone, simplifying the treatment process by reducing costs, time, and the need for additional materials.
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Shortened outreach periodontal therapy in nursing home residents with periodontitis: A randomized controlled trial (Barbe)
Purpose: This study examined the clinical effectiveness of shortened outreach periodontal therapy for 3 months in nursing home residents with periodontitis versus controls (no therapy).
Conclusion: In nursing home residents with high plaque levels and periodontal burden, shortened outreach periodontal therapy yielded improvements in periodontal health among nursing home residents, though limited by insufficient oral hygiene and the population’s high vulnerability.
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Association of human papillomavirus infection with increased new-onset periodontitis risk: A multi-center retrospective cohort study (Chang)
Purpose: In this study, researchers analyzed health records from a large U.S. database to
find out if people diagnosed with HPV were more likely to later develop peri-
odontitis.
Conclusion: HPV infection is associated with a markedly increased risk of periodontitis. These findings support enhanced periodontal screening for HPV-positive patients and warrant further investigation into the viral mechanisms driving chronic oral inflammation.
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Age and sex affect the prevalence and severity of periodontal conditions in an academic setting (Parsegian)
Purpose: The aim of the present study was to examine whether age and sex affected the prevalence and severity of periodontal conditions in patients attending an academic dental clinic.
Conclusion: Increasing age and male sex significantly correlated with increased odds of total and severe periodontitis.
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Diagnostic modulation of subgingival proteomic biomarkers by age and smoking habits in periodontitis (Blanco-Pintos)
Purpose: Although age and smoking influence the periodontal proteome, their impact on subgingival biomarkers for diagnosing periodontitis remains unclear. This multicenter study assessed their influence on subgingival proteins for disease detection.
Conclusion: Age and smoking affect the diagnostic accuracy of subgingival protein biomarkers for periodontitis. The influence of age is consistent, yielding exceptional predictive values, while the impact of smoking is more variable and biomarker-dependent. However, these results require external validation.
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The influence of implant platform apico-coronal position on the bone level of adjacent teeth (Yeh)
Purpose: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the influence of the implant platform apico-coronal position on the crestal bone level of adjacent teeth, focusing on the anterior and premolar regions.
Conclusion: An implant positioned more than 2 mm vertically relative to the crestal bone level of the adjacent teeth was associated with a greater crestal bone loss on these teeth. This suggests that clinicians should carefully consider vertical implant positioning to prevent bone loss around the adjacent teeth.
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Electrolyzed saline as an alternative to chlorhexidine: Antimicrobial and biofilm volume outcomes in a 4-day non-brushing randomized controlled clinical trial (Povšič)
Purpose: The biofilm-inhibitory effects of electrolyzed saline (EOS) vary widely due to differences in formulations and treatment methods. This study analyzed the impact of EOS on key oral microbial species and used serial 3D-intraoral scans to evaluate its effects on de novo biofilm formation.
Conclusion: EOS showed substantial, but inferior biofilm-inhibitory, effects compared with CHX. However, EOS had more selective and dysbiosis-controlling effects than CHX.
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GLP-1 receptor agonists: Bridging diabetes, obesity, and periodontitis—A scoping review of emerging evidence (Polymeri)
Purpose: This scoping review aims to search the existing literature on the effects of GLP-1 RAs on periodontitis, focusing on underlying mechanisms and emerging clinical implications.
Conclusion: This scoping review identifies growing mechanistic and preclinical evidence suggesting potential interactions between GLP-1 RAs and periodontal inflammatory pathways. Although current human evidence is indirect and insufficient to establish therapeutic benefit, these early signals highlight an important opportunity for future research. Well-designed clinical trials with periodontal endpoints are needed to clarify whether GLP-1 RAs may provide adjunctive value in periodontal care.
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Hyperglycemia exacerbates placental inflammation induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis-lipopolysaccharide (Bendek)
Purpose: This study aimed to assess the pro-inflammatory simultaneous stimulus effect of hyperglycemia (HG) and Pg-LPS in human term placental explants.
Conclusion: A hyperglycemic environment amplifies the pro-inflammatory response to Pg-LPS in human placental explants, suggesting that hyperglycemia synergizes with Pg-LPS in the placenta.
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Estradiol replacement attenuates alendronate-associated adverse effects on alveolar bone repair in ovariectomized rats (Isaias)
Purpose: This study investigated whether estradiol valerate (E) replacement attenuates ALN-associated disturbances in alveolar bone repair in ovariectomized (OVX) rats.
Conclusion: Chronic ALN impaired alveolar bone repair, exacerbated by estrogen deficiency. HRT with E partially attenuated these effects without fully restoring healing. The persistent remodeling disturbances highlight the relevance of hormonal status for dental risk assessment in patients receiving bisphosphonates.
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Bone regeneration using aged donor cells and visible light-curable hydrogel: An in vitro and in vivo evaluation (Suzuki)
Purpose: Transplantation therapy combining scaffolds and cells can be used for extensive bone regeneration (e.g., to manage severe alveolar bone defects). Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) may be a suitable scaffold for cell transplantation. We developed a novel GelMA that polymerizes under visible light, using riboflavin as a photoinitiator (GelMA-RF). Here we investigated the efficacy of bone-regenerative therapy combining GelMA-RF and immature osteoblasts in rats.
Conclusion: Taken together, GelMA-RF, particularly when combined with RAOBs, provides a supportive scaffold for bone differentiation and may represent a novel bone-regeneration therapy for complex/extensive bone defects, even when combined with immature alveolar-bone osteoblasts from aged rats.
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aMMP-8 self-testing and self-administered questionnaires for periodontitis screening: A diagnostic trial in a Chinese population (Xie)
Purpose: This study evaluates the diagnostic performance of self-test activated matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) for identifying periodontitis and assesses the feasibility of a fully self-reported screening model compared with models based on quantitative aMMP-8 point-of-care test (POCT) results.
Conclusion: This study showed that a self-test aMMP-8-based multivariable diagnostic model can perform similarly to a quantitative aMMP-8 POCT-based one. Once further developed and validated, a fully self-reported diagnostic model can provide a potential tool for periodontitis screening.
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Insulin resistance indices and periodontitis in patients with diabetes: A nationwide population-based study (Kim)
Purpose: Insulin resistance, a key risk factor in type 2 diabetes contributes to the initiation and progression of periodontitis. Although several studies have reported associations between non–insulin-based insulin resistance indices and periodontitis in the general population, these associations have not been investigated in patients with diabetes, who may benefit more from the clinical application of such indices.
Conclusion: Among patients with diabetes, METS_IR was the most strongly associated with periodontitis, and TyG*WHtR exhibited the highest diagnostic accuracy. These indices may be useful tools for the early identification of high-risk periodontitis in patients with diabetes.
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Periodontitis severity and its social and clinical determinants: An ACES framework-based NHANES analysis (Chen)
Purpose: To assess associations between the poverty-income ratio (PIR) and periodontitis severity using Application of the 2018 Periodontal Status Classification to Epidemiological Survey Data (ACES) framework.
Conclusion: Within the limitations of this cross-sectional analysis, a higher PIR was associated with a lower periodontitis severity, smoking, and higher HbA1c with higher severity, and the BMI effects were minimal.
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Association between serum α-Klotho levels and severity of periodontitis in a representative U.S. population (Sabri)
Purpose: Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease, is linked to systemic conditions such as cardiovascular and kidney disease. Serum α-Klotho, an anti-aging protein with anti-inflammatory properties, has been associated with systemic diseases, but its role in periodontitis is unclear. This study evaluated the relationship between serum α-Klotho levels and periodontitis severity while accounting for confounders.
Conclusion: No significant association was found between serum α-Klotho levels and periodontitis severity. Age, smoking, and comorbidities were key predictors, highlighting the multifactorial nature of periodontitis. Further longitudinal and mechanistic studies are needed to clarify whether α-Klotho has a value as a biomarker of periodontal inflammation or disease progression.
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Reasoning behind discrepancies in periodontal diagnosis and classification: A mixed-methods analysis (Heo)
Purpose: This observational study investigated the underlying reasoning for errors in periodontal assessment and diagnosis by analyzing dental students’ responses to open-ended questions (OEQs) using a mixed-methods approach.
Conclusion: The study findings revealed that diagnosing gingivitis was more challenging than determining periodontitis stage, with an overestimation tendency by relying on a single parameter, such as pocket depth. Difficulty in integrating clinical and radiographic data and interpreting case complexity contributed to misdiagnosis and incorrect periodontitis staging.
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Impact of severe periodontitis and diabetes mellitus on recurrent cardiovascular outcomes (Reicher)
Purpose: This post hoc analysis of the Periodontitis and Coronary Heart Disease study (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01045070) aimed to determine the association between diabetes and recurrent cardiovascular events (CVEs) in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and severe periodontitis. Another objective was to examine the link between diabetes and severe periodontitis.
Conclusion: Patients with diabetes or severe periodontitis were at an increased risk of recurrent CVEs. An association was also found between diabetes and severe periodontitis prevalence.
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July 2026 JOP
Change in tooth mobility following non-surgical periodontal therapy: A retrospective cohort study of clinical outcomes – Georgios S. Chatzopoulos
Purpose: To evaluate the change in clinical tooth mobility following scaling and root planing (SRP) and to identify baseline factors predictive of the 12-month outcome.
Conclusion: Within the limitations of this retrospective study, SRP appears effective in reducing tooth mobility within 1 year. The identified predictors can help clinicians to manage patient’s expectations and to highlight cases that may require more intensive therapy or monitoring.
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Does timing of systemic antibiotics influence periodontal treatment outcomes? A randomized clinical trial- Daiane Fermiano
Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine whether the timing of metronidazole (MTZ) and amoxicillin (AMX) administration, relative to scaling and root planing (SRP), influences the clinical and microbiological outcomes of periodontal treatment.
Conclusion: While the timing of antibiotic administration relative to SRP did not influence the overall clinical efficacy of periodontal treatment, initiating antibiotics on the first day of mechanical debridement promoted a more rapid and beneficial restructuring of the subgingival microbial community.
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Diagnostic accuracy of transmucosal probe visualization for peri-implant mucosal phenotype assessment: A cross-sectional study – Emilio Couso-Queiruga
Purpose: This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of visual assessment of mucosal transparency using a standard periodontal probe (VAT) to differentiate between thin and thick peri-implant mucosal phenotypes, compared to horizontal transmucosal probing (HTP). A secondary objective was to assess facial mucosal thickness (FMT) threshold values for peri-implant mucosa phenotype classification.
Conclusion: Regardless of the FMT threshold applied, VAT demonstrated limited diagnostic accuracy, in particular for thin phenotypes, proving unreliable for the dichotomic characterization of thin and thick peri-implant mucosal phenotypes.
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Oral mucosal wound healing: A photograph-based prospective study – Benjamin P. J. Fournier
Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the differential healing properties between keratinized gingiva and non-keratinized alveolar mucosa, and to analyze the healing dynamic of these tissues through a clinical photograph-based prospective study.
Conclusion: The study confirmed that both oral mucosa and gingiva heal with no scar or minimal scarring, following full-thickness incisions. Neither keloid nor hypertrophic scars were observed. No significant differences were found between gingiva and alveolar mucosa in terms of final scar visibility. However, healing outcomes were notably less favorable in the posterior regions, highlighting the influence of anatomical location.
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A retrospective cohort study comparing periodontal regeneration using fibroblast growth factor-2 versus autologous bone graft – Toshiki Matsumoto
Purpose: This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of FGF-2 and ABG and to assess the impact of patient background factors on outcomes when using FGF-2.
Conclusion: FGF-2 might exhibit clinical outcomes comparable to those of ABG, suggesting it is a clinically viable alternative for vertical bone defects. When using FGF-2, patient-specific factors such as smoking history and preoperative BDA should be considered carefully.
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Periodontal regeneration with enamel matrix derivative and decortication: A retrospective analysis of 1-year clinical and radiographic outcomes – Margherita Giorgia Liguori
Purpose: This retrospective cohort study included patients treated with EMD alone (control group) or with EMD combined with IMP (test group). The primary outcome was clinical attachment level (CAL) gain at 12 months.
Conclusion: The adjunctive use of IMP did not significantly enhance the clinical or radiographic outcomes achieved with EMD alone. However, the comparable outcomes achieved in more challenging baseline conditions indicate that the technique merits further investigation in future randomized controlled studies.
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Immunomodulators, associated or not with systemic antibiotics, to treat periodontitis: A 1-year multicenter, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trial – Nidia C. Castro dos Santos
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effects of (ω)-3 and ASA, alone or combined with MTZ + AMX, to treat periodontitis.
Conclusion: Adjunctive ATB, IM, or ATB+IM each provided clinically meaningful benefits beyond mechanical therapy. The results suggested no added benefit from combining ATB and IM. These findings support MTZ + AMX or ω-3 + ASA, without routine combination, as effective adjuncts in periodontal treatment and provide a basis for precision-based trials and data-driven models to identify patients most likely to benefit from each approach.
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Surveying immune and inflammatory alterations in periodontitis among individuals with Down syndrome: A preliminary cross-sectional study – Leticia Helena Theodoro
Purpose: This study aimed to characterize cytokine profiles in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from individuals with DS and periodontitis and to compare them with those of periodontitis patients without DS and periodontally healthy controls.
Conclusion: This preliminary study identifies a distinct pro-inflammatory cytokine profile in Down syndrome-associated periodontitis, characterized by heightened IL-1β responses and a Th1-skewed immune pattern. While limited by sample size and the absence of a DS-healthy control group, these findings provide initial mechanistic insights into the accelerated periodontal breakdown observed in DS and lay the groundwork for future, larger-scale investigations.
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Biomaterial used to counteract ridge reduction following the removal of adjacent teeth: A randomized controlled multicenter study – Denis Cecchinato
Purpose: This multicenter randomized controlled trial aimed to assess ridge remodeling after removing 2 adjacent teeth and whether socket grafting with deproteinized bovine bone mineral with collagen (DBBM-C) plus a collagen membrane could counteract the ridge reduction.
Conclusion: Filling adjacent extraction sockets with DBBM-C and covering with a collagen membrane significantly reduced horizontal and vertical alveolar ridge resorption compared to unassisted healing. This approach effectively preserves bone volume after multiple tooth extractions, which may facilitate later implant placement.
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Effect of periodontal treatment on adipokines in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review – Natalia Christaki
Purpose: This systematic review aims to assess the effect of PT on serum levels of leptin and adiponectin in patients with T2DM.
Conclusion: Preliminary findings suggest a potential increase in adiponectin levels in T2DM patients, with possible implications for glycemic control. However, these results should be interpreted with caution due to the small number of studies and important methodological limitations. Well-designed studies with larger sample sizes and adequate adjustment for confounders are necessary to verify this observation.
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Morphological patterns of buccal bone plate in the maxillary esthetic zone: A cross-sectional study – Danijel Domic
Purpose: This cross-sectional study aimed to characterize buccal bone plate (BBP) morphological patterns in anterior maxillary teeth and to evaluate their association with other phenotypical and local anatomical characteristics.
Conclusion: Four BBP patterns were identified, and a novel classification system was devised. Associations between different categories and key phenotypic and anatomical variables, including BBT, GT, SRP, and TS, were observed. This classification can be used to aid diagnostic processes, and in the planning and execution of various treatments in the anterior maxilla, as well as in future research.
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Porphyromonas gingivalis and Scardovia wiggsiae promote neutrophil-induced lung epithelial cell apoptosis and emphysema – Hsin-Han Hou
Purpose: We used a mouse model with ligature-induced periodontitis and porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE)-induced pulmonary emphysema to evaluate the roles of P. gingivalis and Scardovia wiggsiae in COPD progression
Conclusion: We demonstrated a potential mechanism for periodontal-associated progression to COPD via the neutrophil-NE-PGF pathway.
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Immunological and periodontal benefits of prebiotic polydextrose in rats with induced periodontitis – Raquel de S. F. Nassar
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the prebiotic (PREB) polydextrose (PDX) on the development of experimental periodontitis (EP) in rats.
Conclusion: Polydextrose exerted a protective effect against alveolar bone resorption and favorably modulated both local and systemic immune-inflammatory response in rats with experimental periodontitis.
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Type I interferon-induced CD169+ macrophages play a protective role in periodontitis – Jiawei Lu
Purpose: This study aims to investigate the transcriptional characteristics and differentiation microenvironment of the CD169+ macrophages in periodontal tissues, and to explore their impact on periodontitis.
Conclusion: Our findings indicate that type I interferons produced by fibroblasts in periodontal tissues induce monocytes to differentiate into macrophages with a CD169+MERTK+ phenotype. These cells play a role in negative immune regulation and may provide a positive contribution to the recovery of periodontitis.
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Diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence-based deep learning models in detecting furcation involvement: A systematic review and meta-analysis – Momen A. Atieh
Purpose: The aim of this review was to systematically evaluate the diagnostic potentials of deep learning models in detecting furcation involvement on radiographic images.
Conclusion: Deep learning models show promising accuracy in detecting furcation involvement, particularly in mandibular molars, comparable to expert clinicians. Further refinement with larger, diverse datasets is needed to reduce false positives and enable safe clinical integration.
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Association between oral microbial diversity and periodontitis in a nationally representative U.S. population: A cross-sectional study – Rui Pu
Purpose: To investigate the association between salivary oral microbiome diversity and periodontitis in a nationally representative U.S. population.
Conclusion: Salivary microbiome diversity, particularly higher alpha diversity and specific beta diversity clusters, was associated with periodontitis severity, supporting its potential relevance as a non-invasive indicator of periodontal health status.
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Periodontitis during pregnancy: The effect on the gut microbiome and intestinal inflammation – Richard Bright
Purpose: This study uses a controlled murine model to examine the effects of experimentally induced periodontitis on the composition of the gut microbiota and gastrointestinal inflammation during pregnancy.
Conclusion: Periodontitis during pregnancy alters gut microbial composition and increases gastrointestinal inflammation without overtly impairing pregnancy outcomes in mice. These findings suggest an association between oral inflammation, intestinal inflammatory changes, and systemic inflammatory modulation during pregnancy. Further studies are warranted to explore long-term maternal and offspring consequences and their relevance to human pregnancy.